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Development of 99mTc(CO)₃-dendrimer-FITC for cancer imaging
Examine of fluorophore and technetium labeling of poly(amido)-amine (PAMAM) era 4 (G4) dendrimer and its analysis as potential molecular imaging agent in each regular and melanoma-bearing mice, are described. Dendrimers had been first conjugated with FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate). Dendrimer-FITC was then incubated with the intermediate [(99m)Tc(CO)(3)(H(2)O)(3)](+) and purified by gel filtration. Biodistribution and scintigraphy photos had been carried out administrating (99m)Tc(CO)(3)-dendrimer-FITC to regular mice (NM) or melanoma-bearing mice (MBM).
Cryostat tissue sections from MBM mice had been analyzed by confocal microscopy. Radiolabeling yield of dendrimer was approx. 90%. The (99m)Tc(CO)(3)-dendrimer-FITC advanced was steady for at the least 24h. Biodistribution research in NM confirmed blood clearance with hepatic and renal depuration. MBM confirmed an identical sample of biodistribution with excessive tumor uptake that allowed tumor imaging. Confocal microscopy evaluation confirmed cytoplasmic distribution of (99m)Tc(CO)(3)-dendrimer-FITC.
FITC and Ru(phen)32+ co-doped silica particles as visualized ratiometric pH indicator
The efficiency of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and tris(1, 10-phenanathroline) ruthenium ion (Ru(phen)32+) co-doped silica particles as pH indicator was evaluated. The emission depth ratios of the pH delicate dye (FITC) and the reference dye (Ru(phen)32+) within the particles had been depending on pH of the surroundings. The modifications in emission depth ratios of the 2 dyes below totally different pH could possibly be measured below single excitation wavelength and readily visualized by bare eye below a 365-nm UV lamp.
Particularly, such FITC and Ru(phen)32+ co-doped silica particles had been recognized to indicate excessive sensitivity to pH across the pKa of FITC (6.4), making them be potential helpful as visualized pH indicator for detection of intracellular pH micro-circumstance.
Immunohistochemical detection of the CXCR4 expression in tumor tissue utilizing the fluorescent peptide antagonist Ac-TZ14011-FITC
Pathology is key in grading, staging, and therapy planning of malignancies. One comparatively novel biomarker which will turn out to be extra essential in remedy and diagnostics is the chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). Ac-TZ14011 peptide derivatives, functionalized with a radiolabel, can be utilized for molecular imaging of tumors. Direct fluorescent labeling of the small peptide Ac-TZ14011 with the fluorescent dye fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), nevertheless, supplies an alternate for the detection of CXCR4 expression ranges in cells and tumor tissue.
On this research, Ac-TZ14011-FITC was validated for CXCR4 staining in human breast most cancers cell traces MDAMB231 and MDAMB231(CXCR4+) throughout circulation cytometric evaluation. Its efficacy was in comparison with commercially obtainable antibodies. Competitors experiments validated the staining specificity. Confocal imaging revealed that CXCR4 staining was predominantly discovered on the cell membrane and/or in vesicles fashioned after endocytosis.
Subsequent to with the ability to differentiate “excessive” and “low” CXCR4-expressing tumor cells, the fluorescent peptide demonstrates potential in fluorescent immunohistochemistry of tumor tissue. Ac-TZ14011-FITC was in a position to differentiate MDAMB231 from MDAMB231(CXCR4+) tumor cells and tissue, proving its applicability within the detection of variations in CXCR4 expression ranges.
Quantifying FITC-labeled latex beads opsonized with photoreceptor outer phase fragments: a straightforward and cheap methodology of investigating phagocytosis in retinal pigment epithelium cells
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is essentially the most lively phagocyte within the human physique, and this operate is indispensable for imaginative and prescient. On this research, we introduce a straightforward and cheap approach to quantify RPE phagocytosis by opsonizing FITC-labeled latex beads of an outlined dimension with a crude combination of photoreceptor outer phase fragments, utilizing cells of porcine origin.
After efficiency of the specified experiment, phagocytosis can simply be quantified by counting the ingested particles. With this protocol, we mix the benefit of a pure goal with the benefits of the outlined properties of latex beads. Furthermore, with a view to conduct these phagocytosis experiments, as laboratory gear, along with cell tradition gear, solely a centrifuge and a easy fluorescence microscope are wanted.
Transcutaneous evaluation of renal operate in aware rats with a tool for measuring FITC-sinistrin disappearance curves
Dedication of the urinary or plasma clearance of exogenous renal markers, comparable to inulin or iohexol, is taken into account to be the gold commonplace for glomerular filtration charge (GFR) measurement. Right here, we describe a way permitting dedication of renal operate based mostly on transcutaneously measured elimination kinetics of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-sinistrin, the FITC-labeled lively pharmaceutical ingredient of a commercially obtainable marker of GFR. A low price system transcutaneously excites FITC-sinistrin at 480 nm and detects the emitted gentle by means of the pores and skin at 520 nm.
A radio-frequency transmission permits distant monitoring and real-time evaluation of FITC-sinistrin excretion as a marker of renal operate. Resulting from miniaturization, the entire system suits on the again of freely shifting rats, and requires neither blood sampling nor laboratory assays. As proof of precept, comparative measurements of transcutaneous and plasma elimination kinetics of FITC-sinistrin had been in contrast in freely shifting wholesome rats, rats displaying lowered kidney operate attributable to unilateral nephrectomy and PKD/Mhm rats with cystic kidney illness.
Outcomes present extremely comparable elimination half-lives and GFR values in all animal teams. Bland-Altman evaluation of enzymatically in contrast with transcutaneously measured GFR discovered a imply distinction (bias) of 0.01 and a -0.30 to 0.33 ml/min per 100 g physique weight with 95% restrict of settlement. Thus, with this system, renal operate may be reliably measured in freely shifting rats eliminating the necessity for and affect of anesthesia on renal operate.
The significance of characterization of FITC-labeled antibodies utilized in tissue cross-reactivity research
Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled antibodies are extensively used as main antibodies within the tissue cross-reactivity (TCR) research for the event of therapeutic antibodies. Nevertheless, the consequences of FITC-labeling on the traits of an antibody are poorly understood. The current research was carried out to look at the impact of FITC-labeling on the binding affinity and immunohistochemical staining profile of an antibody, utilizing a number of antibodies with totally different FITC-labeling indices.
The outcomes confirmed that the FITC-labeling index in antibody was negatively correlated with the binding affinity for its goal antigen. Immunohistochemically, an antibody with a better labeling index had an inclination to be extra delicate, however was additionally extra more likely to yield non-specific staining. Based mostly on these findings, we suggest {that a} FITC-labeled antibody used as a main antibody in a TCR research ought to be fastidiously chosen from a number of in a different way labeled antibodies to reduce the lower within the binding affinity and obtain the suitable sensitivity and interpretation of the immunohistochemistry.
 PPAR gamma Antibody |
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| DF6073 | Affbiotech | 200ul | EUR 420 |
PPAR gamma Antibody |
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| AF6284 | Affbiotech | 200ul | EUR 420 |
PPAR gamma Antibody |
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| AF6675 | Affbiotech | 100ul | EUR 420 |
PPAR gamma Antibody |
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| R30380 | NSJ Bioreagents | 100 ug | EUR 419 |
PPAR gamma Antibody |
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| 3809-100 | Biovision | each | EUR 379.2 |
PPAR gamma Antibody |
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| 3809-30T | Biovision | each | EUR 175.2 |
 PPAR-Gamma/ Rat PPAR- Gamma ELISA Kit |
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| ELA-E0886r | Lifescience Market | 96 Tests | EUR 1063.2 |
 Human PPAR-gamma Antibody |
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| 11521-05011 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 260.4 |
) PPAR gamma antibody (pS112) |
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| 70R-50235 | Fitzgerald | 100 ul | EUR 344.4 |
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Description: Purified Polyclonal PPAR gamma antibody |
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) PPAR gamma antibody (Ser112) |
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| 70R-35789 | Fitzgerald | 100 ug | EUR 392.4 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal PPAR gamma antibody (Ser112) |
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 PPAR gamma 2 antibody |
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| 20R-PR025 | Fitzgerald | 100 ul | EUR 807.6 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal PPAR gamma 2 antibody |
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 Human PPAR gamma Antibody |
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| 32975-05111 | AssayPro | 150 ug | EUR 313.2 |
 PPAR-Gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| ABP52252-003ml | Abbkine | 0.03ml | EUR 189.6 |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of PPAR-? from Human, Mouse, Rat. This PPAR-? antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human PPAR-? around the non-phosphorylation site of S112 |
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PPAR-Gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| ABP52252-01ml | Abbkine | 0.1ml | EUR 346.8 |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of PPAR-? from Human, Mouse, Rat. This PPAR-? antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human PPAR-? around the non-phosphorylation site of S112 |
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PPAR-Gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| ABP52252-02ml | Abbkine | 0.2ml | EUR 496.8 |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of PPAR-? from Human, Mouse, Rat. This PPAR-? antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human PPAR-? around the non-phosphorylation site of S112 |
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PPAR-Gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| ABP57258-003ml | Abbkine | 0.03ml | EUR 189.6 |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of PPAR-? from Human, Mouse, Rat. This PPAR-? antibody is for WB, IHC-P. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen recombinant protein |
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PPAR-Gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| ABP57258-01ml | Abbkine | 0.1ml | EUR 346.8 |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of PPAR-? from Human, Mouse, Rat. This PPAR-? antibody is for WB, IHC-P. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen recombinant protein |
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PPAR-Gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| ABP57258-02ml | Abbkine | 0.2ml | EUR 496.8 |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of PPAR-? from Human, Mouse, Rat. This PPAR-? antibody is for WB, IHC-P. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen recombinant protein |
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 Polyclonal PPAR gamma Antibody |
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| AMR09445G | Leading Biology | 0.1mg | EUR 580.8 |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human PPAR gamma . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications: |
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 Anti-PPAR gamma antibody |
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| PAab06660 | Lifescience Market | 100 ug | EUR 426 |
Anti-PPAR gamma antibody |
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| PAab06661 | Lifescience Market | 100 ug | EUR 426 |
 anti- PPAR gamma antibody |
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| FNab06660 | FN Test | 100µg | EUR 606.3 |
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Description: Antibody raised against PPAR gamma |
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anti- PPAR gamma antibody |
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| FNab06661 | FN Test | 100µg | EUR 606.3 |
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Description: Antibody raised against PPAR gamma |
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 Anti-PPAR-gamma antibody |
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| STJ98330 | St John's Laboratory | 100 µl | EUR 280.8 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal to PPAR-gamma. |
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Anti-PPAR-gamma antibody |
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| STJ98538 | St John's Laboratory | 100 µl | EUR 280.8 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal to PPAR-gamma. |
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Anti-PPAR-gamma antibody |
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| STJ95201 | St John's Laboratory | 200 µl | EUR 236.4 |
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Description: PPAR-gamma is a protein encoded by the PPARG gene which is approximately 57,6 kDa. PPAR-gamma is localised to the cytoplasm and nucleus. It is involved in regulation of lipid metabolism, gene expression, the nuclear receptor transcription pathway and AMP-activated protein kinase signalling. This protein falls under the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor subfamily. It is a nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once logand activated, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. PPAR-gamma has the highest expression in adipose tissue. Mutations in the PPARG gene may result in diabetes mellitus and is a cardiovascular disease risk factor. STJ95201 was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This polyclonal antibody detects endogenous levels of PPAR-gamma protein. |
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Anti-PPAR-gamma antibody |
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| STJ97460 | St John's Laboratory | 200 µl | EUR 236.4 |
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Description: PPAR-gamma is a protein encoded by the PPARG gene which is approximately 57,6 kDa. PPAR-gamma is localised to the nucleus and cytoplasm. It is involved in gene expression, metabolism, nuclear receptor transcription pathway and AMP-activated protein kinase signalling. This protein falls under the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor family. It forms heterodimers with retinoid X receptors and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. It is also a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. PPAR-gamma is expressed highly in adipose tissue. Mutations in the PPARG gene may result in obesity and lipodystrophy. STJ97460 was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody detects endogenous PPAR-gamma protein. |
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 PPAR gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| A71563-050 | EpiGentek | 50 ul | EUR 302.5 |
PPAR gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| A71563-100 | EpiGentek | 100 ul | EUR 423.5 |
PPAR gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| A71564-050 | EpiGentek | 50 ul | EUR 302.5 |
PPAR gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| A71564-100 | EpiGentek | 100 ul | EUR 423.5 |
PPAR gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| A71565-050 | EpiGentek | 50 ul | Ask for price |
PPAR gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| A71565-100 | EpiGentek | 100 ul | Ask for price |
PPAR gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| A71563 | EpiGentek |
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PPAR gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| A71564 | EpiGentek |
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PPAR gamma Polyclonal Antibody |
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| A71565 | EpiGentek |
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 PPAR gamma Antibody / PPARG |
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| F54004-0.1ML | NSJ Bioreagents | 0.1 ml | EUR 379 |
 Anti-PPAR gamma Antibody |
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| A1712-100 | Biovision | each | EUR 405.6 |
Anti-PPAR gamma Antibody |
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| A1712-30T | Biovision | each | EUR 175.2 |